A man approached Alfredo Pacheco, 33, and fired several shots at a petrol station.
Police say two other people were injured in the attack, the motive of which is being investigated.
Pacheco, who was El Salvador’s most-capped player, was banned for life in 2013 for match-fixing.
Pacheco and another 13 members of the national team were found guilty of receiving bribes to lose several matches between 2010 and 2013.
He played 86 times for his country.
For years, El Salvador has had one of the highest murder rates in the world.
Earlier this month, Honduran international footballer Arnold Peralta, 26, was shot dead while on holiday in his hometown.
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