Domnica Cemortan testified that she was in a romantic relationship with the captain and was with him when the cruise ship ran aground.
Francesco Schettino faces multiple charges of manslaughter and abandoning ship.
The January 2012 tragedy killed 32 people.
Francesco Schettino faces up to 20 years in prison if convicted.
On the night the Costa Concordia ran aground, Domnica Cemortan had dinner with Francesco Schettino before he invited her to join him on the bridge as he oversaw what was meant to be a close sail-past of the little Tuscan island of Giglio.
The Italian media has speculated the captain may have been distracted by Domnica Cemortan’s presence, or even showing off.
In court, Domnica Cemortan acknowledged after being pressed that they had been romantically involved. She boarded the ship as a non-paying passenger hours before the crash, saying “when you are someone’s lover no one asks you for a ticket.” Domnica Cemortan dismissed the remark as a joke to her translator.
Domnica Cemortan said she had worked for the company that operated the Costa Concordia for about three weeks in December 2011. She met Francesco Schettino on a previous cruise.
After the ship hit the rocks, Domnica Cemortan said the captain urged her to “save herself”.
She told court that she helped other passengers to abandon ship before getting into a lifeboat herself.
The court is expected to hear evidence from about 1,000 surviving passengers and crew in Captain Francesco Schettino’s trial.
In testimony earlier in the day, a crew member from the cruise ship told the court he had asked the captain to sail closer to a Tuscan island as a favor to his family.
The ship’s maitre d’ Antonello Tievoli told the court in Grossetto, Italy that he had asked the captain if he could sail close to the island of Giglio because he has family there, the news agency AP reported.
Francesco Schettino obliged on January 6, but was apparently disappointed with the result, and ordered the ship’s helmsman to plot a closer route for next time.
A week later, the Costa Concordia ran aground on rocks after veering too close to the island, with 3,206 passengers and 1,023 crew aboard.
Francesco Schettino has acknowledged fault in the tragedy, but his defense team is arguing the ship sank in part because watertight doors did not function on the ship.
He also told the court in late September that his Indonesian helmsman was to blame for steering the ship onto rocks and ignoring orders to slow down.
However, an Italian naval expert told the trial these were not crucial factors and the crash would have happened anyway.
The helmsman, Jacob Rusli Bin, is one of five employees who were granted plea bargains in return for mild sentences in a separate proceeding. He was given a sentence of one year and eight months.
The 290m-long Costa Concordia ship was righted last month in one of the largest, most complex salvage operations ever that took 18 hours and followed months of stabilization and preparation work by a team of 500 engineers and divers.
That operation allowed divers to retrieve the remains of one of the two people still missing in the disaster, a young waiter. An Italian passenger, Maria Grazia Trecarichi, is still unaccounted for.
Plans are now being made to attempt to remove the Costa Concordia wreckage next year.
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