The firm said Patrick Ricard had passed away on Friday. French media reports suggested he had heart problems.
Paul Ricard founded the company, which began selling the anise-flavoured liqueur pastis, in Marseille in 1932.
His son transformed the firm into the second largest wine and spirits company in the world.
Patrick Ricard spent his entire career within the family firm and took over leadership as chairman and CEO in 1978, at the age of 33, just a few years after it had merged with its arch-rival, Pernod.
He made a series of acquisitions beginning with bourbon maker Wild Turkey, in 1981, followed by Irish Distillers, then brands including whiskey-maker Chivas and cognac producer Martell.
Patrick Ricard led a buyout of UK-based competitor Allied Domecq in 2008.
The expansion into foreign markets transformed the firm into a major global player generating sales of 7.6 billion Euros ($9.35 billion) in 2011, with some 18,000 staff worldwide.
Patrick Ricard, who was named European businessman of the year by the US magazine Fortune in 2006, was married with three children.
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