New species of limbless amphibian discovered in Kerala, India

A British-Indian team of scientists have announced the discovery of a new species of limbless amphibian.

The animal was identified by accident in the Western Ghats area in the state of Kerala, South India.

The specimens were found inside moist soil after digging the shrub-covered bank of a mountain stream.

The creature – about 168 mm in length and pink in color – belongs to an enigmatic, limbless group of amphibians known as the caecilians.

Ramachandran Kotharambath, lead author of the report, said the animal was identified as a new species following extensive comparisons with other, similar examples from this amphibian group.

According to the researchers, specimens of the novel caecilian – named Gegeneophis primus – were collected during field works in two consecutive monsoons, first in October 2010 and then in August 2011.

They were discovered at a valley on a plantation in the Wynad district of Kerala.

The new finding was made as part of a longstanding research collaboration between the department of zoology at the University of Kerala and London’s Natural History Museum. The Central University at Kasargod in Kerala also contributed to the discovery.

The finding has been reported in the latest edition of the academic journal Zootaxa.

The wider distribution, natural history and habitat preferences of the species are yet to be determined.

The discovery of this species indicates that the caecilian amphibians might have great diversity all along the Western Ghats area said Ramachandran Kotharambath.

“The discovery on a plantation points out that these elusive animals are very vulnerable to anthropogenic activities and are living silently right under our feet,” he explained.

The new species do not face any immediate threat as long as the habitat structure is maintained, according to the scientists.

They also say that they need to know how far and wide this species is distributed and what are the habitat requirements.

Though these tiny amphibians are at least safe now, any major modification in the plantation structure could dangerously affect the species survival, said Ramachandran Kotharambath.

Co-author Dr. Oommen says the discovery was significant since the finding ended a hiatus of almost half-a-century.

“It highlights the fact that the knowledge of caecilian amphibians of the Western Ghats remains incomplete and in need of further study.”