Dutch Prince Johan Friso, who had been on a skiing holiday in the Austrian resort of Lech, lay buried under snow for about 15 minutes before being rescued.
The prince was taken to hospital in Innsbruck after the accident, in which nobody else was hurt.
Prince Johan Friso, 43, is the second son of Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands.
However, he is not in line for the throne since marrying in 2004 without the government’s permission.
A friend of the prince who was skiing with him at the time of the avalanche has been questioned by police.
Prince Johan Friso had been skiing with between one and three other people off the marked pistes when the avalanche hit shortly after midday local time last Friday, said resort officials.
The prince was buried by an avalanche reportedly measuring about 30 m wide by 40 m long.
A beeper he was wearing allowed rescuers to locate him quickly.
Speaking to reporters in Innsbruck, Dr. Wolfgang Koller said it had taken nearly 50 minutes to revive the prince.
MRI scans have shown his brain suffered “massive damage” in the avalanche.
Prince Johan Friso will be moved at a later date to a private clinic for further treatment but it may take years before he awakens, if ever, the doctor said.
“We cannot say today with certainty whether Prince Friso will one day regain consciousness,” added Dr. Wolfgang Koller, who is head of the trauma unit at the hospital.
“In any case, a neurological rehabilitation will be required that will take months, if not years.”
The doctor explained that the prince’s brain had been deprived of oxygen due to the amount of time spent under the snow.
“This resulted in a heart attack that lasted about 50 minutes….
“Fifty minutes of reanimation is very, very long, one might even say too long.
“Our hope was that the patient’s mild hypothermia would provide some protection for the brain. This hope was not realized.”
The Dutch royal family regularly spends skiing holidays in Lech, in the western Vorarlberg province of Austria.
He survived the incident unscathed, having worn an avalanche airbag, and reportedly dug his friend out with his own hands and called the emergency services, the Austrian Times reports.
He has been questioned by police seeking to establish which of the skiers went down the slope first, and how the avalanche began.
Florian Moosbrugger, who could reportedly face charges of “unintentional grievous bodily harm in particularly dangerous circumstances”, says he is totally innocent.
According to his mother Kristl, Queen Beatrix herself comforted him after he was questioned.
Kristl Moosbrugger has defended her son.
“No avalanche was coming downhill,” she told Austrian broadcaster ORF.
“There were also strong skiing traces in the snow. They felt sure.”
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