In a dramatic diplomatic maneuver, Belarus has freed 52 political prisoners in what appears to be a direct exchange for the easing of U.S. sanctions on the country’s national airline. The release, hailed by the Trump administration as a major humanitarian breakthrough, is seen by many as a calculated move by authoritarian President Alexander Lukashenko to repair ties with the West while remaining firmly aligned with Moscow.
The prisoner release, one of the largest in Lukashenko’s decades-long rule, was negotiated after a visit to Minsk by a U.S. delegation led by Trump envoy John Coale. Among those freed were 14 foreign nationals, including a British citizen and a French national, as well as high-profile Belarusian dissidents who have been jailed since Lukashenko’s brutal crackdown on pro-democracy protests in 2020. They include philosopher Vladimir Matskevich and veteran opposition figure Mikola Statkevich, who was a presidential candidate in 2010.
In return, the United States has lifted some sanctions on Belavia, Belarus’s state-owned national carrier. The relief will allow the airline to service and buy parts for its fleet of Boeing aircraft. Belavia had been under U.S. sanctions since 2021 after Belarusian authorities forced a commercial airliner to land in Minsk to arrest a dissident journalist on board.

The deal, which President Trump described as a “big deal,” has been welcomed by some but viewed with deep skepticism by Belarusian opposition leaders. Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, the exiled leader of the Belarusian opposition, thanked the U.S. for its efforts but warned that the release of 52 prisoners represents only a fraction—around 4 percent—of the more than 1,200 political prisoners still believed to be in Belarusian jails.
“This is a trade in human lives, people who should never have been imprisoned in the first place,” Tsikhanouskaya said. She has urged the international community to maintain pressure on Minsk until all political prisoners are released and systemic democratic changes are made.
The deal marks a significant moment for Lukashenko, who has been widely shunned by the West for his relentless repression and for his staunch support of Russia’s war on Ukraine. The move, analysts say, is a clear attempt to capitalize on President Trump’s desire to end the conflict in Ukraine by positioning himself as a mediator between Washington and Moscow. It comes just a day after Poland shot down what it called Russian drones over its territory and on the eve of major joint military exercises between the Russian and Belarusian armed forces.
The White House, which has confirmed its desire to reopen the U.S. embassy in Minsk, has cast the prisoner release as a sign of “constructive engagement.” However, the stark reality remains: for every prisoner released in this diplomatic exchange, a dozen more remain behind barbed wire, leaving a long and uncertain road ahead for those who seek true freedom in Belarus.

















