Turkish protesters have returned to the streets of Istanbul and capital Ankara after two days of unrest that have seen more than 1,700 arrests.

Largely peaceful protesters waved flags in Istanbul’s Taksim Square but there were reports police had fired tear gas in Kizilay Square in Ankara.

PM Recep Tayyip Erdogan said protesters were trying to undermine democracy.

The protests began over redeveloping a park near Taksim Square but broadened into anti-government unrest.

The protests represent the most sustained anti-government unrest for a number of years.

Correspondents say many people are fed up with the government, which they believe is becoming increasingly authoritarian and trying to take away some of their personal freedoms.

Early on Sunday morning, there had been some isolated clashes around the streets of Istanbul.

But the atmosphere later in the day was calmer and largely peaceful, with demonstrators milling about between burnt-out cars and gathering around fires.

There were music concerts in Taksim Square throughout the day, and that the thousands of protesters still there were calling for the gathering to remain peaceful. There was no apparent police presence.

One protester, Akin, told Reuters: “We will stay until the end. We are not leaving. The only answer now is for this government to fall. We are tired of this oppressive government constantly putting pressure on us.”

Turkish protesters have returned to the streets of Istanbul and capital Ankara after two days of unrest

More than 1,000 protesters also gathered in Kizilay Square in Ankara on Sunday, with reports police had fired tear gas and water cannon to disperse them.

The police reportedly responded after protesters moved towards the office of Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

In an interview on state television on Sunday, the Turkish prime minister said the protests were being provoked by the opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP), and that protesters were trying to undermine democracy.

“They have been removing pavestones and breaking the windows of local stores. Is this democracy?” he asked, dismissing the protesters as “a few looters”.

He rejected accusations that he was a “dictator”, saying he was a person who had “committed himself to serving his nation”.

Recep Tayyip Erdogan also criticized social media, through which the protests have been co-ordinated and discussed. He said Twitter was a “curse” and an “extreme version of lying”.

“I think social media as a whole is a pain in the side of society,” he said.

On Saturday, the prime minister had admitted there had been “some mistakes, extremism in police response”, but accused his opponents of using the anger over the Gezi Park issue to stoke up tensions.

Istanbul mayor Kadir Topbas tried to ease the tension, telling a local television station that “we have learnt our lesson”.

He regretted “not informing the people enough” about the Gezi Park redevelopment.

Shop owners, city workers and protesters have begun cleaning up after Friday and Saturday’s unrest and removing graffiti from walls and windows.

Interior Minister Muammer Guler said 90 demonstrations had taken place in 48 cities after the protests spiraled.

He said more than 1,700 people had been arrested – many had since been released but others would be put on trial, he told the Anatolia news agency.

Muammer Guler said one of the injured civilians was being treated in an intensive care unit at an Istanbul hospital.

Amnesty International claimed two people had been killed and more than 1,000 injured, though there was no confirmation of those figures.

Amnesty’s Europe director John Dalhuisen said: “The excessively heavy-handed response to the entirely peaceful protests in Taksim has been truly disgraceful.”

The US also expressed concern over Turkey’s handling of the protests.

Recep Tayyip Erdogan has been in power since 2002, and is expected to run for the presidency in 2014.

Some in Turkey have complained that his government is becoming increasingly authoritarian.

Recep Tayyip Erdogan ruling AK Party has its roots in political Islam, but he says he is committed to Turkey’s state secularism.

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