Phillip Phillips, 21, a shop worker from Leesburg, Georgia, was overcome with emotion as he ended the show with his first single, Home.
Runner-up was Jessica Sanchez, 16, a southern Californian of Filipino and Latino descent.
The contest remains one of the most-watched shows on US television.
In the final round, viewers cast a record 132 million votes.
“All the fans out there, thank y’all for voting for us,” said Phillip Phillips before host Ryan Seacrest announced the result.
Phillip Phillips was the fifth male American Idol winner in a row.
The two-hour finale featured a host of guest stars including Rihanna, Neil Diamond, Reba McEntire, Chaka Khan and John Fogarty.
Judges Steven Tyler, with his band Aerosmith, and Jennifer Lopez also performed.
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